In March , despite the disapproval of her family, Indira married Feroze Gandhi, a Parsi lawyer unrelated to Mahatma Gandhi , and the couple soon had two sons: Rajiv and Sanjay.
She was elected to the prominent member working committee of the Congress Party in and, four years later, was named its president.
Within a few years Gandhi gained enormous popularity for introducing successful programs that transformed India into a country self-sufficient in food grains—an achievement known as the Green Revolution. In , she threw her support behind the Bengali movement to separate East from West Pakistan, providing refuge for the ten million Pakistani civilians who fled to India in order to escape the marauding Pakistan army and eventually offering troops and arms.
Following the national elections, Gandhi was accused of misconduct by her political opponent and, in , was convicted of electoral corruption by the High Court of Allahabad and prohibited from running in another election for six years.
Anticipating that her former popularity would assure her reelection, Gandhi finally eased the emergency restrictions and called for the next general election in March Riled by their limited liberties, however, the people overwhelmingly voted in favor of the Janata Party and Morarji Desai assumed the role of prime minister. In , Gandhi campaigned under a new party—Congress I —and was elected into her fourth term as prime minister.
In , the holy Golden Temple in Amritsar, Punjab, was taken over by Sikh extremists seeking an autonomous state. From to , she was able to retain the position but lost after an emergency was imposed by her in leading to a national discontent and countrywide protests.
She returned to power in and during this time she ordered storming of Sikh Holy Shrine Harmandir Sahib in Amritsar and was assasinated on October 31, by her two Sikh bodyguards. Violence erupted in several parts of the country after her death in which Sikhs were killed by angry protesters.
She was known for her strong personality and also went to war with Pakistan supporting the Independence Movement in East Pakistan leading to formation of Bangladesh. News Photos Videos. Load More. Born on November 19, in an illustrious family, Smt. Indira Gandhi was the daughter of Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru. She was conferred Honorary doctoral degree by a host of Universities globally. With an impressive academic background she also got the Citation of Distinction from the Columbia University.
Indira Gandhi was actively involved in the freedom struggle. She got married to Feroze Gandhi on March 26, and had two sons. In , she returned to power as prime minister. That same year, Gandhi's son Sanjay b. The prime minister then began preparing her other son, Rajiv b. During the early s, Gandhi faced increasing pressure from secessionist factions, particularly from Sikhs in Punjab.
In , she ordered the Indian army to confront Sikh separatists at their sacred Golden Temple in Amritsar, resulting in several hundred reported casualties, with others estimating the human toll to be significantly higher. On October 31, , Gandhi was shot and killed by two of her bodyguards, both Sikhs, in retribution for the attack at the Golden Temple. She was immediately succeeded by son Rajiv, who was left to quell deadly anti-Sikh riots, and her body was cremated three days later in a Hindu ritual.
We strive for accuracy and fairness. If you see something that doesn't look right, contact us! Subscribe to the Biography newsletter to receive stories about the people who shaped our world and the stories that shaped their lives. Benazir Bhutto became the first female prime minister of Pakistan in
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